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Sidhu, M.
- Awareness of Indoor Pollution in Rural and Urban Houses of Ludhiana District
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Family Resource Management, College of Home Science, Punjab Agricultural University, LUDHIANA (PUNJAB), IN
1 Department of Family Resource Management, College of Home Science, Punjab Agricultural University, LUDHIANA (PUNJAB), IN
Source
Asian Journal of Home Science, Vol 10, No 1 (2015), Pagination: 102-107Abstract
Living in a technologically developing society, our lifestyle and attitude have become self-oriented which has added to the menace of household pollution. Environmental awareness is needed to change the mindset of modern society and needs to provide some alternatives which can help the women to save the environment, children, family and society. There is a need to make the public aware about environment, the serious health hazards of environmental pollution and their rights to live in a clean and healthy environment. Study conducted on the awareness of rural and urban homemakers revealed that majority of the rural and urban respondents were aware of different causes of indoor pollution though the awareness was more in urban homemakers. Among the awareness of environmental causes maximum awareness was found to be 'dust in abundance' with mean score 2.73, followed by high humidity inside (2.63). Major chemical based factors reported was awareness of 'leaking gas pipes or gas cylinder' with mean score 2.68. Majority of the selected respondents (55.83%) were aware of the indoor pollution due to chocked pipes under the category of constructional faults and household articles. Damp and soiled bedding were placed at rank one with mean score 2.75. Other pollution creating causes categorized under 'miscellaneous causes' were: stagnated water, fungus and black mould, pet waste, animal dander, cockroaches, lizards, insects and spider's webs. Awareness of stagnated water was considered as one of the most polluting cause by 75.00 per cent respondents.Keywords
Chemical Causes, Constructional Causes, Environmental Awareness.
- Ergonomic Tool:A Way to Assess Musculoskeletal Problems Faced by Children Due to Carrying of School Bags
Abstract Views :280 |
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Authors
Affiliations
1 College of Home Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana (Punjab), IN
1 College of Home Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana (Punjab), IN
Source
Asian Journal of Home Science, Vol 11, No 1 (2016), Pagination: 48-51Abstract
School children are adolescents who experience a period of accelerated growth and development of skeletal and soft tissue. The spinal structures of the child are markedly different from those of adults. As growth of the spinal structures extends over a longer period of time than the other skeletal tissues, incongruities in rate of tissue development can pose a threat to postural integrity. The present study was conducted to assess musculoskeletal problems faced by children due to carrying of school bag by using ergonomic tool i.e. Standardized Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire. The suggestions of the parents were also taken in this regard. The study was conducted on a sample of 120 school children from middle class (i.e. from vi to viii) and their mothers. Respondents were randomly selected from five government and five private schools of Ludhiana city form the age group of 11-14 years. A pre structured interview schedule was used to collect the data along with Standardized Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire. Results showed that neck, shoulder and upper/lower back had significantly more problems than other body parts. It was further observed that maximum number of parents wanted that school authority should make judicious time table and lockers should be provided to avoid unnecessary loading of school bags. Moreover, need to conduct lectures on maintenance of good posture among school children was also felt by parents.Keywords
Ergonomic Tool, Musculoskeletal Problem, School Bags.References
- Sharan, D., Ajeesh, P.S., Jerrish, A. Jose, Sukrit, D. and Manjula, M. (2012). Back pack injuries in Indian school children: risk factors and clinical presentations.Work, 41 : 929932.
- Sheir-Neiss, G., Kruse, R., Rahman, T., Jacobson, L. and Pelli, J. (2003). The association of backpack use and back pain in adolescents. Spine, 28 : 922-930.
- Smith, M.J., Cohen, B.F. and Stammer, J.W. (1981). An investigation of health complaints and job stressors in video display operators. Human Factors, 23 : 387-400.
- Whittfield, J., Legg, S.J. and Hedderley, D.I. (2005). School bag weight and musculoskeletal system in New Zealand secondary schools. Appl. Ergonomics, 36: 193-98.
- Assessment of Various Contributing Factors for Back Pain in Children while Carrying School Bags
Abstract Views :261 |
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Authors
Affiliations
1 College of Home Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana (Punjab), IN
1 College of Home Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana (Punjab), IN
Source
Asian Journal of Home Science, Vol 11, No 1 (2016), Pagination: 151-156Abstract
It is common today to see school children buckling from weight of their school bags, many children bear the burden of carrying school bags that are to heavy for their body frames, that might end up facing a number of health problems. The objectives were to assess the school bag weight and body weight to get the MASW(maximum acceptable school bag weight) and to investigate contributing factors of back pain felt by children carrying school bags. The study was conducted on a sample of 120 school children from middle class (i.e. from vi to viii) and on their mothers. Respondents were randomly selected from five government and five private schools of Ludhiana city form the age group of 11-14 years. A pre structured interview schedule was used to get the data to achieve the objectives. Results show that only 54 respondents were following the standard value of MASW, which is >15 per cent of the body weight. Average total time was 46 min to carry school bag and standard deviation was 9.40. It was observed that half of the respondents carrying school bags with one or both strap in one shoulder. Total distance covered by the respondents from home to school and vice versa was 218 meter in 46 minutes.Keywords
Back Pain, BMI, Height, Body Weight.References
- Brackley, H.M., Stevenson, J.M. and Selinger, J.C. (2009). Effect of backpack load placement on posture and spinal curvature in prepubescent children. Work, 32 : 351-360.
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- Connolly, B.H., Cook, B., Hunter, S., Laughter, M., Mills, A., Nordtvedt, N. and Bush, A. (2008). Effects of backpack carriage on gait parameters in children. Pediatr. Phys. Ther., 20 : 347-355.
- Grimmer, K.A., Williams, M.T. and Gill, T.K. (2000). The associations between adolescent head-on-neck posture, backpack weight, and anthropometric features. Spine, 24 : 2262-26.
- Haselgrove, L.C., Straker, L., Smith, A., O’Sullivan, P., Perry, M. and Sloan, N. (2008). Perceived school bag load, duration of carriage, and method of transport to school are associated with spinal pain in adolescents: an observational study. Australian J. Physiotherapy, 54 : 193–200.
- Hong, T., Lau, T.C. and Li, J.X. (2003). Effect of load and carrying methods of school bags on movement kinematics of children during stair walking. Sport Medicine Training & Rehabilitation, 11 : 33-49.
- Howard, F. (2006). Safe and health school environments. Oxford University press US P 462.
- Kellis, E. and Emmanouilidou, M. (2010). The effects of age and gender on the weight and use of schoolbags. Pediatr. Phys. Ther., 22 : 17–25.
- Moore, M.J., White, G.L. and Moore, D.L. (2007). Association of relative backpack weight with reported pain, pain sites, medical utilization and lost school time in children and adolescents. J. Sch. Health, 77 : 232–239.
- Pascoe, D.D., Pascoe, D.E., Wang, Y.T., Shim, D.M. and Kim, C.K. (1997). Influences of carrying book on gait cycle and posture of youth. Ergonomics, 40 : 631-664.
- Rageswarihariharan, A., Zechariah, J. and Madhumathi, K. (2009). Backpack - Bad pack an issue, backpack usage and its implications on Indian school children and observational study. Physiotherapy & Occupational Therapy J., 2 : 5-11.